YBM 고등 영어Ⅱ 박준언 Lesson 3
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세트공유
characteristic
n. 특질, 특성
Crying is a human characteristic that other animals do not have.
species
n. 종
Some species shed tears as a result of pain or irritation.
shed
v. (피, 땀, 눈물을) 흘리다
Some species shed tears as a result of pain or irritation.
irritation
n. 자극, 자극물, 염증
Some species shed tears as a result of pain or irritation.
creature
n. 생물
Humans are currently known as the only creatures whose tears can be triggered by their feelings.
trigger
v. 유발하다, 촉발시키다
Humans are currently known as the only creatures whose tears can be triggered by their feelings.
declare
v. 선언하다, 강조하다
Charles Darwin once declared emotional tears “purposeless.”
purposeless
a. 무의미한, 무익한
Charles Darwin once declared emotional tears “purposeless.”
contrary to
~와는 반대로
Contrary to Darwin’s declaration, scientists have found that crying plays a far more important role than was once believed.
in response to
~에 응하여
Crying is scientifically defined as the shedding of tears in response to an emotional state.
psychic
a. 마음의, 정신의
Differentiated from psychic or emotional tears, non-emotional tears are divided into two types.
differentiate
v. 차별화시키다, 구별 짓다
Differentiated from psychic or emotional tears, non-emotional tears are divided into two types.
basal
a. 기저의, 기초가 되는
Basal tears flow continuously to moisturize the eyes.
reflex
a. 반사적인, 반사 작용의
Reflex tears are the tears you shed in spite of yourself when you slice a raw onion or encounter a cloud of dust.
conscious
a. 의식하고 있는
You are not conscious of the flow of basal tears until your eyes get dry due to their absence.
in spite of oneself
자기도 모르게
Reflex tears are the tears you shed in spite of yourself when you slice a raw onion or encounter a cloud of dust.
encounter
v. ~와 우연히 만나다, 직면하다
Reflex tears are the tears you shed in spite of yourself when you slice a raw onion or encounter a cloud of dust.
irritant
n. 자극물
These tears help clear the eyes of such irritants as the gas from the onion or dust particles.
particle
n. 작은 조각, 입자
These tears help clear the eyes of such irritants as the gas from the onion or dust particles.
lacrimal gland
누선, 눈물샘
A tear is produced from the lacrimal gland.
fate
n. 운명
When a tear is produced from the lacrimal gland, it has two fates.
drain
v. 흘러나가다, 물이 빠지다
Your tear can drain down the tiny hole in the corner of the eye.
volume
n. 양, 분량
Your drainage system simply cannot deal with the volume of tears.
excess
a. 초과한
The excess fluid flows over your eyelids and down your cheeks.
fluid
n. 분비액, 유체
The excess fluid flows over your eyelids and down your cheeks.
eyelid
n. 눈꺼풀
The excess fluid flows over your eyelids and down your cheeks.
prevailing
a. 지배적인, 널리 퍼져있는
A prevailing theory in the 1600s held that emotions heated the heart, which generated water vapor in order to cool itself down.
vapor
n. 증기, 기체
A prevailing theory in the 1600s held that emotions heated the heart, which generated water vapor in order to cool itself down.
toxic
a. 유독한
A theory that crying removes toxic substances from the body that build up during times of stress gained some popularity in the 20th century.
substance
n. 물질
A theory that crying removes toxic substances from the body that build up during times of stress gained some popularity in the 20th century.
build up
쌓아 올리다
A theory that crying removes toxic substances from the body that build up during times of stress gained some popularity in the 20th century.
mount
v. (수량, 정도가) 높아지다, 늘다
In recent years, evidence is mounting in support of new theories.
in support of
~을 지지하여
In recent years, evidence is mounting in support of new theories.
bonding
n. 긴밀한 유대
Emotional tears trigger social bonding and human connection.
unequipped
a. 준비가 안 된
We come into the world physically and emotionally unequipped to deal with anything on our own.
capable
a. 능력이 있는
Even though we become more capable as we grow, we never quite grow out of occasional attacks of helplessness.
grow out of
~에서 벗어나다, 자라서 ~이 고쳐지다
Even though we become more capable as we grow, we never quite grow out of occasional attacks of helplessness.
occasional
a. 가끔의, 비정기적인
Even though we become more capable as we grow, we never quite grow out of occasional attacks of helplessness.
cope with
극복하다, 대처하다
We are experiencing some important problem that is beyond our ability to cope with.
reach out
~을 도와주다
Participants were much more likely to reach out to the person in the first photo.
layer
n. 층
All types of tears have three layers.
mucus
n. 점액, 진
A thin mucus layer sits directly on the eye.
evaporate
v. 증발하다
A thin oily layer on top prevents the tear from evaporating.
portion
n. 일부, 몫
The watery portion of reflex tears is larger and has higher levels of antibodies that can stop harmful microorganisms.
antibody
n. 항체
The watery portion of reflex tears is larger and has higher levels of antibodies that can stop harmful microorganisms.
microorganism
n. 미생물
The watery portion of reflex tears is larger and has higher levels of antibodies that can stop harmful microorganisms.
protein
n. 단백질
Emotional tears contain more protein.
sticky
a. 끈적거리는
This higher protein content makes emotional tears stickier.
bring out
~을 끌어내다, 데리고 나오다
The more visible tears are, the more likely they are to bring out compassion from observers.
compassion
n. 연민, 동정
The more visible tears are, the more likely they are to bring out compassion from observers.
evolutionarily
ad. 진화론적으로
There must have been some point in time, evolutionarily, when tears became something that automatically set off empathy and compassion in another.
set off
~을 유발하다
There must have been some point in time, evolutionarily, when tears became something that automatically set off empathy and compassion in another.
empathy
n. 감정이입, 공감
There must have been some point in time, evolutionarily, when tears became something that automatically set off empathy and compassion in another.
manipulate
v. 조종하다
A less touching theory about emotional tears focuses on crying’s ability to manipulate others.
guilty
a. 자책하는, 유죄의
When someone feels guilty, they have a greater chance of being forgiven as long as tears are running down their face.
forgive
v. 용서하다
When someone feels guilty, they have a greater chance of being forgiven as long as tears are running down their face.
molecule
n. 분자
Some researchers are even looking into the molecules in tears to see if there is one that is responsible for reducing aggression.
aggression
n. 공격성
Some researchers are even looking into the molecules in tears to see if there is one that is responsible for reducing aggression.
arise
v. 일어나다, 발생하다
Then, a question arises.
tendency
n. 경향, 추세
People who do not cry have a tendency to withdraw and describe their relationship experiences as less connected.
withdraw
v. 혼자만의 세계에 틀어박히다
People who do not cry have a tendency to withdraw and describe their relationship experiences as less connected.
affect
v. 영향을 미치다
Emotional states affect the production of tears.
identify
v. 확인하다
Some patients have difficulty identifying their own feelings.
immediate
a. 즉시의, 즉각의
Crying is not always followed by immediate relief.
relief
n. 안심, 안도
Crying is not always followed by immediate relief.
measure
v. 측정하다
Participants had their mood measured right after watching a sad movie.
set in
시작되다
Participants were given enough time for the benefits of crying to set in.
demonstrate
v. 입증하다, 보여주다
Crying demonstrates our deep connections with our world.
학생
가장 빠르게 암기하도록 도와주는 암기학습 〉
제대로 외웠나 바로 확인하는 리콜학습 〉
철자까지 외우려면 스펠학습 〉
재미있게 복습하려면 매칭 게임 〉
주관식으로도 재미있는 복습, 크래시 게임 〉
선생님
수업 중 이 단어장을 보고 듣고 질문하는 슬라이드 〉
수업시간이 들썩 들썩 퀴즈배틀 (로그인) 〉
클릭만으로 종이낭비 없이 시험지 인쇄 (로그인) 〉
필요한 세트를 직접 만드는 단어장 만들기 (로그인) 〉
선생님들이 만드신 30만개 단어장 검색하기 〉
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